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Black Headed Ibis has various names like Black Necked Ibis, Indian White Ibis and Orientle White Ibis. The Binominal Name of Black Headed Ibis is Threskiornis melanocephalus. It is large size water bird found in South Asia many regions. It is found in many low water areas and aslo breeds here too. Black Headed Ibis is also found in resident areas near me also where some low water areas. Near to me Black headed Ibis also found in Thol Bird Sanctuary, Nal Sarovar Bird sanctuary, Pariej Sanctuary and many more places like farms, ponds, low grasslands etc.

About Black Headed Ibis Bird :

• Black Headed Ibis is one of the large water birds spices.
• Its lenght about 65-75 cm .
• It has white plumage and black head and neck. Its beak is curvy.
• Adult male has grey feather at tail during breeding season.
• Black Headed Ibis are native to Bangladesh, China, India, Malaysia, Indonesia, Japan, Nepal, Shri Lanka, Combodia, Thailand etc. They are migrant to Japan, Koreaand mongolia.
• Black Headed ibis is versatile to use man made habitats. It generally found in ponds, Canals, riverside, lakes, crop fields, garbage dumping etc.
• It build nest near wetlands. It build platform for nest and made from sticks, grass and threads.
• Black Headed Ibis are treatened so its population is decreasing but they are not in endangered spices.
• Ibis can do aerating the soil while probing beak in soil for insects.
• Ibis birds are predators for snakes, monkeys, crows and alos birds of prey.
• Ibis sleep together on trees at night. They are active during day.
• Ibis lifespan is up to 25 years.
• Favorite food of Ibis are snail, fish and aquatic animals but they can also eat bread and popcorns too.

In resident areas there are also lots of birds you can find. At the end of resident area small pond and lakes made by humans and they are really good habitat for some birds. Ibis birds are very familiar to humans so they can live near the resident areas. Its beak is looking attractive because of curve and also scared to others. In resident birds of Gujarat ibis bird found many farm areas and wetlands, grassland, canals etc. It is also found in bird sanctuary Gujarat like Thol Bird Sanctuary near sanand, Nalsarovar Sanctuary etc. Both sanctuary are nearest places to my home so i oftenly visit both sanctuary. During winter these both sanctuary are full of migratory birds. 

Gear Used : Canon 6D, Caon 100-400mm lens

Spiti Valley located in Himachal Pradesh. It is a cold desert mountain valley of Himalayas. Spiti distributed in 2 parts Lahaul and Spiti. As per my last post of Spiti Valley Tour Itinerary there are lots of places to visit during spiti valley tour. It depends how many days you want to spend in spiti valley tour so you can much more places to cover in spiti valley. But i think 7 days are enough for Spiti valley tour to cover all major attractions. Most of time you spend in car during spiti valley tour. But definately the route is memorable for all. The view of Himalayas and the scenery is beautiful. Most people take 7 days tour from Chandigarh or from Delhi. 

Best Places to Visit in Spiti Valley : 

• Chitkul
• Nako
• Tabo
• Dhankar lake
• Kaza
• Chandratal Lake

Well in Spiti Valley Trip there are lots of places to visit but i will suggest you some of them to make shorter your trip. Also most attractions and must visit places i share here. If you want to spend more time then you can visit local village and enjoy village life too. If you want to know about Spiti Valley Tour Cost and Spiti Valley Tour Itinerary then i had written a post of it.

Honey Bee Farming :

From Chandigarh to Spiti you will have to pass Kinnaur District. It is very beautiful route with amazing greenery and scenery. During the route of Kinnaur valley there are lots of people do Honey Bee Farming on road. you can see the boxes of honeybee on roadside. They have different types of Honeybee and have different honey if you want to purchase pure Honey for home. They also saw you how they farming and do all procedure of making Honey. 

Chitkul : 

Actually we skip Chitkul because its out of our route and spend one more day. But Chitkul is must visit place. It is really beautiful place in the valley of Himalayas. Also Chitkul is known as India's Last village at Indo - Tibet Border. Border is about 90 km from Chitkul. Also civillian movement beyond Chitkul is prohibited. Best time to visit Chitkul is March to June.  Also have a cup of tea at Hindustan Ka Akhri Dhaba at Chitkul. They also serve food with Rajma Chaval and roti. 

Kalpa Or Rekong Peo :

If you visit chitkul and stay their then kalpa or Rekong Peo you can skip. Or if you do not visit chitkul then stay at Rekong Peo. Good to stay here very neat and clean hotels and also food is good here. Next morning you can see amazing sunrise in between of Himalayan mountains coverd with snow. Stay here for a night and leave next morning or you can visit local village and bazar.

Nako : Places to visit Nako

Nako village located near Indo-China Border. In Nako you can visit Nako Lake and Nako Monastery. Also you can visit some Buddhist chortens. Nako Monastery is must visit place with beautiful atmosphear at height. The Monastery founded in 11 th sanctuary .Monastery location is amazing where you can see 360 degree view of Himalayan Mountains. Spend some time at Monastery and go for Gue Mummy Stupa in the way to Tabo. 

Gue is a village where 500 years old mummy preserved of Sangha Tenzing. Sangha Tenzing was Buddhist monk from Tibet. At stupa the mummy found in sitting position with his skin and hair intact. The road to Gue Mummy is out of Tabo route so you can take extra 1-2 hours time while leave from nako. At evening you reach at Tabo village.

Tabo : Places to visit Tabo

Tabo is a small village on bank of Spiti river in spiti District. Tabo is famous for operated continuously oldest buddhist enclave in Himalaya and India. Most famous attraction of Tabo is Old Tabo Monastery which is 1000 years old and also considered as one of the holiest by Dalai Lama himself. Also another monastery in Tabo in the center of village you can visit. Tabo caves you can visit while visit monastery and if you stay for day more then you can go at river bank to feel nature. That was amazing view of spiti river near to the village and other side the big mountain.

Dhankar Lake and Dhankar Village : Places to visit Dhankar

From tabo to kaza route you can visit Dhankar Village. In the village there is a capital of spiti valley in Himachal Pradesh. It is at 3894 mt height. Here you can visit local village , Monastery and if you want to go for trek about 3 km then go to the Dhankar Lake. Dhankar village total houses are around 65-70 and population around 250-300 . 

Dhankar Lake :  

Dhankar lake is high altitude lake in himachal pradesh. It is located around 4140 mt height. From monastery you can go to Dhankar lake by trek about 3 km and it will take around 1-2 hours depends on your mountain skills. Trek route is very easy but its at more than 13500 ft height so high wind blows and low oxygen level make your trek difficult. Also here UV index is high so do not go in open skin or use sunscreen lotion. High UV index may damage your skin. At the end of trek you can see a beautiful green color based lake surrounded by mountains and open land. The view of lake is awesome and you can spend more time to make a peace to you mind. Crystel clear water in the lake. We take some photos and get back to village and drink lemon soda from local villager to get energy. Local peoples are so supportive and good nature. 

Kaza : 

In Kaza there are several places to visit so you visit all in a full day. Also kaza atmosphear is very cold in summer also so enjoy it. 

Places to Visit In Kaza 

• Sakya Tangyud Monastery : It is one of the highest altitude Monastery in India. It is at 4550 mt height. It is at komik village. 
• Kaza Kye Monastery : Kye or Kyi monastery is a tibetian buddhist monastery. It is set on top of the hill and its height aroun 4166 mt. It is the largest monastery of Spiti Valley.  

• Langza : Langza village is also known as Fossils village. It is believed that spiti was submerged under the tethys sea so that huge quantities of fossils found here. In Langza there is a 1000 years old Buddha Statue is major attraction. The Buddha statue at Langza located at 14500 ft height. It is serene golden large Buddha Statue. From the Buddha statue at Langza you can see 360 degree view of Himalayas.

• Hikkim : Hikkim is located at 14400 ft height in lahaul spiti district. Hikkim village remains cut off during winter due to heavy snow fall over mountain passes.  The Hikkim village has a post office at 14400 ft height. So it is also on of the highest post office in the world.

• Kibber Village : Kibber is famous for Monastery, kibber wildlife sanctuary, the highest post office and the highest motorable road. Kibber is located 19 km from kaza. Kibber is also famous for Snow Leopard. There are almost 25-30 snow leopards In Kibber Wildlife Sanctuary.

• Komic : Komic is also one of the highest village in the world located at 15050 ft. It is also connected with World's Highest Motorable Road. So it is known as Highest Motorable village in the world. There is a restaurant their named World highest restaurant Komic. You can take rest have a cup of coffe or tea and have some snake, meggy etc. 

• Chicham Bridge : Chicham bridge is highest bridge of Asia. Bridge is located at 13596 ft height. The Chicham Bridge connect 2 village one is Chicham village and Kibber. The bridge is suspension bridge and is situated across a deep gorge around 1000 ft. Chicham Bridge is one of the spectecular bridge in the world. 

• Kumzum Pass : While return from Kaza to Manali you will pass through Kumzum Pass. It is one of the best route for enjoying nature very closely. The car speed is very slow due to bad road condition but at Kumzum pass we face fresh snow fall and fell zero degree temperature. Amazing view at Kumzum pass. Also Kumzum Mata Temple located at 4590 mt height. There is a myth about Kumzum mata temple you need to do a circle and after go through your journey to Chandratal Lake or Manali. 

• Chandra taal Lake : As per Hindu Mythology Chandra taal is the place where Lord Indra came down with Chariot to transport Yudhisthira in his mortal from to Swarga or Heaven. Also local believed that fairies visit lake at night. Chandratal Lake is open in summer after may end or June start. So if you want to visit Chandra taal lake then plan in June. Also there are limited option for staying at Chandra taal Lake.

Things to know about Spiti Valley Tour :

While you planning for spiti valley tour you did not need to book hotels or homestays. There are lots of homestays and hotels every where. You can also book your homestays and hotels via Spiti Tourism or Himachal Pradesh Tourism. They will help you a lot for entire trip. Local peoples are so supportive and kind nature. They will aslo help and guide you to your destination. 

Which Mobile network works in Spiti Valley ? 

Most people have a question about network connectivity at Spiti Valley. I will take 2 simcards for my Spiti Valley Tour one is Reliance Jio and one is BSNL prepaid. After kinnaur vally pass all major networks are down but BSNL and Reliance Jio is connected to everywhere in spiti. Reliance Jio has better network connectivity even in internet also. So i suggest take Reliance Jio sim card for your trip. Only it fall down during Kumzum pass route. Otherwise in Kaza, Tabo, Nako all places covered by Reliance Jio network.

Best time to Visit Spiti Valley :

Well the Chandigarh to Kaza route open all year but sometimes landsliding may occer and also some heavy snowfall then it will take 4-6 hours to clear road. Road managed by BRO ( Border Road Organisation ) . Plan during mid of may in spiti valley because there is low crowd in May. But in May there may be return route block via Kumzum Pass and Chandratal Lake. June is more better for Spiti Valley tour to visit all the places. Some bikers may visit spiti valley in December for adventure too. 

Road Condition In Spiti Valley :

From Chandigarh to Kaza there is a clear road. At some places road condition is not good but main road is very impressive and no hazitation during the entire trip. Some village route is not good but it will manageable. The Kaza to Manali Via Kumzum pass road condition is not good so you need to travel whole day for Kaza to Manali. 

Star Gazing At Spiti Valley : Spiti Valley Night Sky

Well spiti valley is dark area where you can do stargazing verywell. Here you can see milkyway clear during no moon days. For milky way Langza is the best place in Spiti Valley. 

Spiti Valley Food Option : 
I will recommand The Himalayan Cafe in Spiti Valley for food. Well managed cafe and food options are amazing. Must visit place in Spiti valley.

You can visit my blog http://bit.ly/3zYFdVv about spiti valley tour itinerary and total cost with details. Also provide hotels and homestay options. You can write me if you need any help about spiti valley tour at nirajhack@gmail.com 

Russet Sparrow is a bird of sparrow family. It is generally found at Himalayas in India. It is very common at himalayan birding sites. House sparrow bird is now moved from city areas because of croweded area and pollutions and mobile towers. Russet sparrow i found during my trek to Manali and Har ki Dun trek also. So it is resident bird of Himachal Pradesh and Uttarakhand. It is small size bird and very friendly bird even you get very close to it.

About Russet Sparrow :

• Russet Sparrow is seed eating bird.
• Russet sparrow has thick bill.
• Russet Sparrow length is about 12-15 cm.
• There are three subspices of it recognised. Rutilans, intensior, cinnamomeus.
• Rutilans and intensior breeds in eastern Asia and cinnamomeus breeds in Himalayas.
• Sparrow feed seeds of grains and hurbs.
• They lay 5-6 eggs at a time.
• It is warm rufous in color. 
• Among all subspices the Himalayan Russet sparrow is little larger then others.
• Russet sparrow call is Cheep or chilp...

Sparrow is very familiar bird. House sparrow is very common in city areas. But now a days because of mobile towers and architectures and highrise building made them migrate from city. Russet Sparrow i found during my trek to Manali and also Har ki Dun trek. When i was on trek of Chandrakhani pass i frequently found russet sparrow in villages . Same thing during my har ki dun trek i found russet sparrow in small villages as a resident bird. 

Har ki Dun and Manali both from differant state Uttrakhand and Himachal Pradesh. So it shows russet sparrow widely spread in Himalayas. Actually Himalays are heaven for birding. There are huge number of spices of different birds in Himalayan range. Most popular places for birding in Himalayas are Manali, Har ki Dun, Pangot, Sattal, Nainital etc. 

Location : Har ki Dun trek, Manali Trek to Chandrakhani pass

Gear : Canon 6D, Canon 1000D, Canon 100-400 mm lens

Caterpillar are insects and they are larval stage of  Moths and Butterflies. Caterpillar mostly eat leafs and plants. There are different types of caterpillar in the world. All caterpillar looks different and different in color too. But all caterpillar are larval stage of insects like butterfy and moths. Mostly caterpillar are seen in monsoon season. After the first rain of monsoon the butterflies season is rising and lots of different butterflies you can see. Also in my garden at home and at my farm i found lots of butterflies and moths. When i was travelling in night for Sharad purnima full moon photography i went to narmada dam near prantij village. I found catterpillar group eating a leaf on big tree. I also found moths, Mantis Insect, Different spices of Spiders and the Moon Double Exposure photo i clicked. 

About Caterpillar :

• Caterpillar have soft body. They can grow between moults.
• Size of Caterpillar may different depends on spices but it can be around 1 mm to 14 cm.
• Caterpillar have large number of legs. 
• Sawfly larvae have 2 simple eyes and caterpillar have 12 eyes each side head has 6 eyes.
• Caterpillar are rich protein so many animal feed caterpillar.
• Some caterpillar are camouflage in color so cannot find easily.
• Caterpillar are in feeding behaviour so they can easily hidden from predators. 
• Some caterpillar have bristles for their protection.
• Most caterpillar are harmless but some can harm like alergic reaction. But most caterpillar are safe even you can touch it.
• Caterpillar lifespan up to 15-29 days.
• Caterpillar eyes known as Stemmata.
• Out of Insects - Caterpillar is one big company of Caterpillar Machines, engines, components etc...

Above image of caterpillar moth on leaf make black and white after post processing and looks like black and white abstract image. 

Caterpillar most cause damage to leaves in farms. Some crops and some tree leaves can be damaged by caterpillar group and may some loss for farmers. So farmers spray some insects pesticides for caterpillar and other insects for preventing their crops in farms. 

Generally i saw caterpillar in a single or double but this time i see a huge number of caterpillar moth on leaf. I catch with my camera with macro lense and get good result of Caterpillar moth group on leaf. I also found some different caterpillar at my farm also. This time i got only single caterpillar and double caterpillar. At my trek to Ranituk i also found some group of caterpillar in my trek route. Caterpillar are most annoyed for me. Sometimes i shoot insects with macro lens so i am afraid of getting so closer to them. But my passion helps me to get closer to them and catch photos of them. Generally caterpillar are warms and it turns into insects like butterfly or moths.

Camera Used : Canon 6D, Canon 80D , Canon 100 mm macro lens

White browed Fantail bird is small size bird. It is Passerine bird of family Rhipiduridae. In Gujarat White browed Fantial found many places like Thol Bird Sanctuary, Nal Sarovar, Velavadar Sanctuary and many more farms outskirts dense bush areas. I found it at Thol Bird Sanctuary. During nesting time it may be agressive . White browed fantail looks beautiful when he open its tail feathers. It makes beautiful black and white feather abstract. Its feathers of tail looks like hand fan with design.

About White browed Fantail bird :

• White browed Fantail length about 18 cm .
• White browed Fantail found in Many regions of Asia , south Asia etc.
• It has dark brown upperparts and also white spots on wings. Underparts of White Browed fantail is white.
• White Browed Fantail Tail looks like hand fan shape.
• It build its nest like a cup shape.
• It lays eggs arround 2-5 in nest and its color like white and light browinish spotted in color.
• Fantail bird lifespan around 2-5 years.
• Incubation period during breeding season around 14 days.
• Fantail feed invertebrates like insects, moths,spiders, beetles, flies etc.
• According to Maori tribal legend if the fantail fly in your house then it signs of death of someone in your house.
• Tiwaiwaka , Piwakawaka, Tirairaka , Tiwakawaka are some common names of Fantail bird in Maori tribal.

Why It is called Fantail ? :

When its tail spread it looks like fan and foraging and when its tail folded it is rounded at the end. Thats why its called Fan-tail.

Thol Lake is one of the best place for birding in Gujarat. Thol bird sanctuary is in Sanand District near Thol Village. In Thol lake more than 150 different spices of waders and also nesting birds. Also Migratory birds are found here and stays here. Famous Flamingo Birds found here during winter and some of them found allover year and nesting here. 

The Mysore palace located in Karnataka. It is Historical place and also a Royal Palace for Royal family of Wadiyar Dynasty. The Mysore Palace also known as Amba Vilas Palace. Mysore is very well known for palaces so it is also known as City of Palaces.There are seven palace in Mysore including Amba Vilas Palace. Mysore Palace is in the center of the City. 

The old palace was burnt during wedding because it was made up with woods. So after 1896 Maharaja  Krishnaraja Wadiyar - IV and his mother Maharani Kempananjammanni Devi commissioned to build a new palace. During build up of palace the Royal Family stayed near by Jaganmohan Palace. Total construction cost of palace is Rs. 41,47,913. The palace build up work completed in 1912. Also palace expanded in 1930 for public darbar hall.

About Mysore Palace :

• Architecture of Mysore Palace like as Indo Sarasenic.
• It include Hindu, Mughal, Gothic and Rajput styles architecture.
• It is 3 storey stone structure of marble domes and 5 storey tower of 145 feet height.
• Mysore Palace surrounded by garden.
• Main complex of Mysore palace is around 156 ft wide and 245 ft long.
• There are 3 gates to entering Mysore palace. Front gate, South entrance and West entrance. For public entry South entrance and front and west gates open usually in Dasara.
• Tipu Sultan rule state of Nanjaraja, Khasaraja and hill Chamarajas during 1782 - 1796.

During my visit to Karnataka i visited The Mysore Palace or Amba Vilas Palace. It was amazing to see from outside too. We did not have much time to visit Mysore palace from Inside because it takes more 2-3 hours to see it from inside. We were in a hurry and we did not have stay in Mysore so we need to leave early, Outside place looking amazing architecture designs. The palace regularely maintain with colors and all areas. You can do a electric golf car ride to visit round of Mysore palace from Front Gate. The palace looks awesome from Front gate. The Mysore palace also famous as Tipu Sultan Palace Mysore but Tipu Sultan never stay in Mysore Palace but his sward put in the museum of palace. Tipu Sultan's Summer palace is in Shrirangapatna also known as Dariya Daulat Bagh .

7 Palaces of Mysore :

• Amba Vilas Palace
• Lalitha Mahal Palace
• Rajendra Vilas Palace
• Jaganmohan Palace
• Karanji Mansion
• Jayalaxmi Vilas Mansion
• Cheluvamba Mansion

The most famous palace in Mysore is Amba Vilas Palace or Mysore Palace which was located in the heart of the city.

Places to Visit Mysore :

• Mysore Palace
• Chamundeshwari Temple
• Rail Museum
• Somnathpur Temple
• Devaraja Market
• Brindavan Garden
• Venugopala Swami Temple

You can stay for 2-3 days in Mysore to visit all famous places. Most tourist visit Amba Vilas Palace and leave Mysore.

Every wildlife photographer's dream is to visit Africa. Also African Bush Elephant lovers has lots of places to visit like Amboseli National Park,Botswana etc...In Africa lots of wildlife sanctuaries You can visit but the most tourist attractions is Masai Mara National Park .The Giants suits to African elephant because of their large body thick skin and legs and big teeth and elephant large ears. African Elephant teeth weight approx. 5kgs per teeth.There are also different species like African bush Elephant and African forest Elephant. Here i saw you some cool photos of African elephant taken at Amboseli national park and Masai Mara National Park.

In Big 5 Africa animals  elephant is one of them. African Elephant is really good subject in Wallpaper photos . Also African Bush Elephant is good for portrait or closeup photos too. The Elephants are travel in a group and they are dangerous when they are with their babies. Just stay away good distance to them. Elephants also looks good in black and white. 

African Elephant Facts : 

• African Elephant is the world's largest land animal. 
• African Elephant Tusks are actually their teeth. 
• They have very thick skin. 
• Their trunk have some good skills. 
• African Elephants are continuously eating every time and eat up to 150 kg per day. 
• Elephants never forget things. 
• African bush elephant height 3.2 m
• African bush elephant weight approx 6000 kg and African forest elephant weight around 2700 kg.
• Lifespan of African bush elephant and African forest elephant is 60-70 years.

Difference of Asian elephant vs African elephant :

• Asian elephant is smaller than African elephant. 
• Asian elephant ears are also smaller then African elephant ears.
• Tusk is in only male of Asian elephant. In opposite  male and female African elephant both grows tusks.

African Elephant Habitat :

African elephant live in dense forest of west and central Africa. They found most in grasslands, forests and savannas. They found at many regions around Africa and Asia. So Elephant Habitat has long range from Asia to Africa. 

Big 5 African Animals : Well when i was on my trip to Africa I questioned my cousin What are the Big 5 Africa animals ?? He knows the animal names but he don't know why they called Big 5 Africa . After google some words I found that the Big 5 Africa animals are referred to the difficulty of their hunting. Mean This Big 5 African animals are arrange in order to their hunting skills. The Big 5 Africa animals are Lion, Leopard, Rhino, Elephant and African Buffalo. Well Hippo is not in Big 5 Africa bcz hippo is not a hunter as compare to big 5 Africa animals. Lions are the kings of Africa and known as King of the Jungle or King of Beasts.

Are Elephants scared from anyone ? 

A huge and heavy body of elephant make scared anyone. But yes An elephant can fear from a little mouse. A mouse is very little in body in compare to An Elephant and it climb over the trunk of elephant.

Elephant can kill Humans ? : 

Elephants are very respectable animals till they are not tempered. According to National Geographic article approx. 500 peoples are killed in a year in an elephant attack. But the number worry that far more than 500 elephants are killed by humans every year. So we need to be changed.  

Where To stay in Amboseli National Park / Accommodation in Amboseli National Park  : We stayed in Ol Tukai Resort and its very nice property. Also there are lots of resorts in Amboseli National Park. All are fine and good hospitality. During migration in Masai Mara and Amboseli time all hotels and resorts are full and high price. So if you planning in migration time then book as early as possible. 

Indian Paradise Flycatcher is previously known as Asian Paradise Flycatcher short form ( APFC ). It is widly spread in India and in Asia. All Flycatcher birds are medium in size. Asian paradise flycatcher size also medium. The Indian Paradise flycatcher is in lease concern on IUCN red list. There are three sub spices of Paradise Flycatcher

• T. P. Paradisi 
• Himalayan Paradise Flycatcher
• Ceylon Paradise Flycatcher

About Indian Paradise Flycatcher Bird :

• Adult Indian Paradise flycatcher size is around 19-22 cm.
• Flycatcher head color is black with crown and crest. 
• Male paradise flycatcher is white in color and female is rufous.
• Young Male Asian paradise flycatcher is much similar like female.
• Young male paradise flycatcher color is rufous and it has short tail. 
• After 2015 Indian Paradise Flycatcher, Amur Paradise Flycatcher and  Blyth's Paradise flycatcher are known as Asian Paradise Flycatcher.
• Indian Paradise Flycatcher is the State bird of Madhya Pradesh.
• Indian Paradise Flycatcher is known as Dudhraj in Gujarati. 
• Indian Paradise Flycatcher lay one eggs per day and it lay 4-8 eggs after nesting. Incubation period is around 13-15 days .

Paradise Flycatcher Name is from Greek terpsi mean ' Delighting in ' and phonos mean ' Voice ' . So it is Delighting In Voice Bird. The Indian Paradise flycatcher or Asian Paradise flycatcher found in Central and south India, Bangladesh , Myanmar, Shri Lanka and many more regions of Asia.  Indian Paradise Flycatcher eat insects like moths, beetles, Butterflies, Ants and Spiders too. The Average lifespan of Indian Paradise Flycatcher is aroun 8-10 years. I found Indian Paradise Flycatcher during my Manali trekking and Also at Thol Lake. During my trek to manali i found both Male and female Indian paradise flycatcher but unfortunately i capture only female paradise flycatcher. At Thol Lake i found only Female Paradise flycatcher. I get Male Indian Paradise flycatcher at Corbett national Park during my saffari ride. But some poor quality result photos.

Camera Used : Canon 6 D, Canon 1000 D, Canon 100-400 mm lens

Location : Male Indian Paradise Flycatcher found at Corbett National Park , Female Indian Paradise flycatcher found at Thol Bird Sanctuary and also at Manali trekking at Rumsu village.

What is HORIZONS ? :: The horizon is the apparent line that separates Earth from sky. The true horizons can observed when it lines on the sea surface. Also many locations this line is made by Lands, Trees, Buildings, Mountains etc.The Horizon line divides all visible directions into two categories : those that intersect the Earth surface and those that don't. The horizon line is horizontal like to feel like end of earth no end of Earth surface . The Images of Horizons or skyline taken at Little Rann of Kutch . I tried to shoot many locations but sometimes not gonna happen that. Little Rann of Kutch is good place for Horizon photography bcz flat surface and 360 degree view. Above photo we passed thorough rann and i saw car trek on ground and line goes end of surface looks beautiful.

Horizon Height and distance calculation : 

Well if you want to see horizon then you have to observe from 5-7 feet above sea level. Also you need clear land about 3-5 km distance then you can see clear Horizon line. In cities there are lots of disturbance like buildings, trees, towers etc so you can not see the clear horizons. For horizon line  to see you need clear land area or water area. Best area for Horizon line is in between sea. In ocean there is clear Horizon line you can see easily. Also sunrise and sunset time horizons are amazing to see because of Twilight sky colors. Well all of these photos are not taken from 7 feet height and distance may not 3-5 km but its still you can see Horizons clearly. Photos taken from ground level but the rann area is clear so you can see horizons line from ground level.

For calculation of Horizon distance equation is  ::  Square root ( Height / 0.5736 ) and the result you get distance of Horizons.

Best Place To See Horizon lines :

The best place to see horizons are beaches. Because you can see clear line between Sky and Earth. Well where i live in Gujarat i have also one place name Little Rann of Kutch where i can see clear Horizon line as you can see in photos of Horizons. Little rann of Kutch is best place for me because its very near to me like about 2 hours car drive. Here there are huge number of raptors you can see in winter seasons. Lots of Migratory birds came here and the most important about Little Rann ot Kutch is Indian Wild Ass. Indian wild ass found only in Gujarat in this region only.

All Images taken at Little Rann of Kutch, Guajrat. Little rann of kutch known as LRK also famous for raptors and Indian Wild Ass. Lots of migratory birds coming here in winter. So never miss a change to visit LRK in Gujarat. LRK also very nice place for Star Gazing  and Star Trail Photography, Time laps Photography.

Camera used : Canon 6 D, Canon 100-400 mm lens, Canon 50mm lens, canon 18-55 mm lens

Where is Spiti Valley ? : Before some years ago no one knows about Spiti Valley only bikers and trekkers go their but now a days it is most popular destination in Himachal Pradesh. Spiti valley  located in Himachal Pradesh India. It is near to indo Tibet (china ) border. Spiti means the middle land. Spiti valley is cold desert mountain valley of Himalayas. Spiti valley distributes in two parts one is Lahaul and other is Spiti district. Kaza is sub divisional headquarter of spiti district . Kaza is situated at 12500 ft from sea level and on spiti river. Spiti valley is one of the best place in Himachal Pradesh to visit in summer.

Spiti Valley Circuit  Tour :

Spiti valley tour is managed easily. It’s a round tour starts from Delhi or Chandigarh. The route to spiti valley is Delhi- Chandigarh- Kalpa- Tabo- Kaza and return back to same route and second route is Delhi – Chandigarh – Kalpa – Tabo – Kaza – Manali – kullu – sundarnagar – Chandigarh –Delhi

How many days need for Spiti valley Tour :

Well depends on your how many days you want to spend. I spend Total 7 days to spiti vally tour from Chandigarh. And also 2 days in Chandigarh before and after. If you want to explore more areas during Spiti valley tour you need at least 10-15 days . In this you can explore each and every places which come on route of Spiti Valley from Delhi or Spiti Valley from Chandigarh. The best explore of Spiti Valley i had seen in youtube is visatoexplore but i had not much days to explore that much. So if you go for 7-9 days then follow my itinerary so you can easily manage your trip.

Spiti Valley Package cost :

Well I would recommend you not to book any package for spiti valley. We also search for spiti valley package from Chandigarh with Innova car and it bit expensive. I suggest if you are from near by destination like Delhi , Chandigarh etc then go with your own car (SUV ) its cost you very cheap for your trip. We do our trip by own not a single hotel booking. We just book a car from Chandigarh to Chandigarh for 7 days.  Our total package with Car, Hotel rent, Food and other expenses cost around 21k Per person. We start from Chandigarh to Kaza via kinnaur , Kalpa , Nako, Tabo , Kaza and return from Kaza , Manali, Sundarnagar, Chandigarh. In winter return route from kaza to manali may not open. It open during summer after mid may or end of may. That route cost extra 7k of our car because its very bad road condition.

Chandigarh to Spiti Valley Tour Itinerary:

Day 1 : Arrive at Chandigarh and stay at Chandigarh 

Day 2 : Early morning leave to Kalpa or Reckong Peo . ( 307 Km almost 13 hours drive )

Day 3 : Kalpa to Tabo Via Nako sight scene ( 200 km approx including nako sight scene and take almost 8 hours)

Day 4 : Tabo To Kaza via Dhankar ( approx 50 km but if you go Dhankar lake then it will take almost 4 hours in Dhankar , So total it will take almost 6-8 hours depends on you where you stay more  time or not )

Day 5 : Stay at Kaza ( local sight scene )

Day 6 : Kaza to Manali or Kullu ( Total 182 km approx and it will take almost 10 hours or more , Google shows only 4 hours but road condition is very bad after Losar village so it will take more time to reach manali )

Day 7 : Manali to  Sundarnagar ( 130 km approx but you can do river rafting and paragliding at kullu in between and after noon drive to sundarnagar it will take almost 4-5 hours depends on traffic )

Day 8 : Sundarnagar to Chandigarh . Stay at Chandigarh (176 km almost 4-5 hours drive )

Day 9 : Leave to your Destination

From Kaza to Manali via Kumzum Pass Chandratal Lake is famous but it open only after mid may or end of may. If you drive from Delhi then you have to add more days before and after it around 300 km distance Delhi to Chandigarh .

Where to Stay in Spiti Valley : Accommodation In Spiti Valley 

• Chandigarh you can stay lots of hotels near airport and outer airport but i suggest you to book hotel near zirakpur so next day you can go direct to the kalpa route via kinnaur valley
• Kalpa : we stay at Alpine Nest hotel in kalpa or Rekong Pio. Hotel is very good and rooms were very neat and clean. Also it is on height so in the morning you can see beautiful view of Himalayas.
• Tabo : At tabo we stay at Green tara homestay and its a good homestay with good hospitality. Also cheaper than hotels.
• Kaza : We stayed at Kunga Hotel in kaza which is on the road after kaza city to kumzumpass route. It is also a good hotel with good rates.
• Manali : We stay at Gezelling Hill Tree hill cottages . It was amazing cottage with spacious rooms and a sitting area. 

This itinerary is managed by us by own. We do not book any hotel and any package for travel and sight scene. There is no need to book any package for Spiti Valley from Delhi . You can go by own with book of Car or by own car. As per your capacity you can drive car. We travel a lot almost every day. 

Spiti Valley Tour can managed from Delhi , Chandigarh, Manali too. But Manali route may open in mid of May so best route for Spiti Valley is from Chandigarh to Kinnour via sarahan, Kalpa, Chitkul.

Best Time to Visit Spiti Valley :

Best time to visit Spiti Valley is in Summer during May to July. All route and roads are open during this season. Also return route from Kaza to Manali via Kumzum pass is open after mid may and it is one of the best route for nature lovers. Chandratal Lake is open after end of May so you can visit in Jun. Also some peoples visit Spiti Valley in Winter too. During winter its very very cold and if you can control extreme cold condition.

Temperature in Spiti Valley :

During winter Spiti Valley temperature fall down up to -20 to -30 degree. Also roads are not clear due to snow fall. BRO ( Border Road Organization ) maintain roads in all seasons. Weather in summer is pleasant and temperature in Spiti Valley in summer is around 5-15 degree in day time and at night it 0-10 degree. Weather is not sure so temperature may different during entire season. But one more thing here UV index in spiti valley  is High  .

How to reach Spiti Valley : 

Best route for Spiti Valley is from Kinnaur side and return from manali side. The road condition from Kinnaur side is excellent so you can choose that route and also visit Chitkul, Kalpa, Nako, Tabo from that route. Return route if kumzum pass route is open then you can come back from manali side and visit Chandratal lake. Otherwise come back from same route of Kinnaur side.

Spiti Valley from Manali :

Most peoples take Manali route in Return from spiti valley. Also that route is open during summer. Road condition of that route from Losar Village to Spiti Cut - Koksar is very bad and you can take atleast full day for it. Google shows Kaza to Manali 4 hours but it won't. From Losar to Koksar you find only one Dhaba for lunch or something to eat like meggy. No other services if your car/bike has some issue then you have to go either koksar or Losar. So plan early morning leave for this route. The route has awesome scenery to see so you may take lots of break during this route. In summer at kumzum pass feel very cold. We found some bikers and cars they came from manali to visit chandratal at 3-4 pm. So i suggest if you will go from Manali to Kaza then leave early morning around 6-7 am from Manali. 

Panorama View Spiti Valley :

Here some panorama images taken with mobile and also from dslr camera which mearged after gives you better ideas about spiti valley landscapes. 

Spiti Valley Drone Images :

Himalayan Mountains are really beautiful if you shoot them from Drone. Here my cousine came with Drone and get memorable moments capture from drone. Below image is way to kalpa from Chandigarh.

Above and below image of Tabo village Himachal Pradesh. We stay one night at Tabo at Green tara homestay taken good night starts and at morning we shoot from drone. Tabo Village is near to river so we try to capture whole village and river in one frame.

Dhankar Lake in below image looks amazing from drone image. Dhankar lake is at around 11500 ft height and approx 3-4 km from Dhankar Village and Dhankar monestery. Trek route is moderate if you aclamite weather. Wind is strong blowing here so do not prove yourself infront of weather that you are so strong. Because you are travelling by car and then go for trek at 11000 ft height may be difficult for anyone. My cousine also get low level oxygen problem when we come back from trek. So be safe .

Kaza to Kumzum Pass : One of the best route during Spiti Valley Tour is Kaza to Kumzum pass to Manali. Weather changes every hour do not pridicted. But definately you will get thrill during route. We face snowfall during the way and the feel was amazing. But The road is too bad that you will travel whole day around 10-12 hours. Also i would suggest 4 x 4 cars for this route. Low ground level cars may damaged during route. Also there is no service during 50 km in between.

For Places to visit During Spiti Valley i will make new post with photos. 

If you need any assistence about spiti valley tour feel free to ask nirajhack@gmail.com